I. Overview
Polyanionic cellulose (Poly anioniccellulose)
referred to as PAC, is from natural cellulose by chemical modification and the
obtained water-soluble derivatives of cellulose ethers, is an important
water-soluble cellulose ether, white or slightly yellow powder, non-toxic,
tasteless, it can be dissolved in water, have good heat stability, and
salt-tolerance, anti-bacterial and strong. The product slurry prepared with a
good drop of fluid loss, and suppression, of a higher temperature. Widely used
in oil drilling, especially in salt water wells and offshore oil
drilling.
Second, PAC features
Ionic cellulose ether is a high
purity, high degree of substitution, substituent distribution and so on. Can be
used as thickener, rheology modifier, water, etc. down.
Suitable for use in
salt water from fresh water to the saturation of any mud.
PAC low
viscosity-type filtration can effectively reduce the volume of the system
without a significant increase in mucus, especially in systems with high solid
content.
Blood plasma-based PAC-made high, the role of obvious fluid loss.
In particular, for low solid-phase slurry and solid-phase saline mud. PAC fluid
mud can be prepared in high salt medium clay and shale inhibition dispersion and
expansion of the shaft so that the pollution under control.
Excellent
drilling mud and workover fluids, fracturing fluid is also efficient.
Third, PAC Application
1, PAC application in the drilling
fluid. PAC for fluid loss inhibitors and water is ideal, PAC fluid mud can be
prepared in high salt medium clay and shale inhibition dispersion and expansion
of the shaft so that the pollution under control.
2, PAC workover fluid
in the application.
PAC prepared using workover fluid is a low-solid-phase,
and not because of the solid layer and the blocking of the infiltration capacity
of the production would not be harmful to the production floor; and the loss of
low water, so that production level to reduce the amount of water, and access to
water emulsion will be formed by blocking phenomenon Township.
PAC prepared
using workover fluid to provide hydraulic workover other advantages not
available.
Production level to protect against permanent damage;
Clean
the hole with a carrying capacity, and the maintenance of boreholes to reduce
the workload;
Resistance to water and sediment have the ability to
infiltrate and few foaming;
Can be stored or transferred between the wells
and wells, and workover fluid mud than the average and low cost.
3, PAC
in the fracturing fluid applications.
PAC prepared by fracturing fluid
capability 2% KCI solution (the preparation of the fracturing fluid must be
added) and dissolution performance, ease of use, you can Site preparation, and
gel fast, strong ability to carry sand. Osmotic pressure in the formation of low
use, and its fracturing effect of the more remarkable.
Property / Type
|
Test
procedure
|
Apparent
Viscosity
|
Filtrate
volume, in seawater/KCL
|
Moisture
|
D.S.
|
PAC-HV
|
API-13
|
Min.
50
|
Max.
23 ml
|
Max.
10
|
Min.
0.9
|
PAC-LV
|
API-13
|
Max.
40
|
Max.
16 ml
|
Max.
10
|
Min.
0.9
|